Islam di Lubnan - Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas

Mazhab Islam di Lubnan (2020)^[1]
Mazhab Muslim			peratus
Sunni Islam			31.9%
Syiah Islam			31.2%

Islam di Lubnan mempunyai sejarah yang panjang dan berterusan. Menurut anggaran CIA, ia diikuti oleh 63% daripada jumlah penduduk negara itu.^[2] Sunni membentuk 31.9%,^[3] Dua Belas Syiah membentuk 31.2%,^[4] bersebelahan dengan peratusan yang lebih kecil daripada cabang Syiah lain, seperti Alawit dan Ismailiyah. Komuniti Druze ditetapkan sebagai salah satu daripada lima komuniti Muslim Lubnan (Sunni, Syiah, Duruzi, Alawi, dan Ismaili),^[5]^[6] walaupun kebanyakan Druze tidak mengenal pasti sebagai Muslim,^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11] dan mereka tidak menerima lima rukun Islam.^[12]

Di bawah syarat perjanjian yang dikenali sebagai Pakatan Watani antara pelbagai pemimpin politik dan agama Lubnan, presiden negara itu mestilah seorang Maronit, Perdana Menteri mestilah seorang Sunni, dan Speaker Parlimen mestilah seorang Syiah.

Isu politik dan agama semasa

Walaupun Lubnan adalah sebuah negara sekular, urusan keluarga seperti perkahwinan, perceraian dan pewarisan masih dikendalikan oleh pihak berkuasa agama yang mewakili kepercayaan seseorang. Seruan untuk perkahwinan sivil ditolak sebulat suara oleh pihak berkuasa agama tetapi perkahwinan sivil yang dijalankan di negara lain diiktiraf oleh pihak berkuasa sivil Lubnan.

Ateisme tidak diiktiraf oleh negara. Bagaimanapun, Menteri Dalam Negeri Ziad Baroud membenarkan pada 2009 untuk mengeluarkan mazhab agama itu daripada kad pengenalan Lubnan seseorang. Ini bagaimanapun tidak menafikan pihak berkuasa agama mengawal sepenuhnya isu keluarga sivil di dalam negara.^[13]^[14]

Lihat juga

Rujukan

^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Dicapai pada 30 September 2020.
^ "Lebanon: people and society"
^ "Lebanon: people and society"
^ "Lebanon: people and society"
^ Lebanon Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments. 7 Jun 2009. ISBN 9781438774824. Dicapai pada 24 April 2019.
^ Lebanon Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments - Google Books. 7 Jun 2009. ISBN 9781438774824. Dicapai pada 24 April 2019.
^ Pintak, Lawrence (2019). America & Islam: Soundbites, Suicide Bombs and the Road to Donald Trump. Bloomsbury Publishing. m/s. 86. ISBN 9781788315593.
^ Jonas, Margaret (2011). The Templar Spirit: The Esoteric Inspiration, Rituals and Beliefs of the Knights Templar. Temple Lodge Publishing. m/s. 83. ISBN 9781906999254. [Druze] often they are not regarded as being Muslim at all, nor do all the Druze consider themselves as Muslim
^ "Are the Druze People Arabs or Muslims? Deciphering Who They Are". Arab America (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 8 Ogos 2018. Dicapai pada 13 April 2020.
^ J. Stewart, Dona (2008). The Middle East Today: Political, Geographical and Cultural Perspectives. Routledge. m/s. 33. ISBN 9781135980795. Most Druze do not consider themselves Muslim. Historically they faced much persecution and keep their religious beliefs secrets.
^ Yazbeck Haddad, Yvonne (2014). The Oxford Handbook of American Islam. Oxford University Press. m/s. 142. ISBN 9780199862634. While they appear parallel to those of normative Islam, in the Druze religion they are different in meaning and interpretation. The religion is consider distinct from the Ismaili as well as from other Muslims belief and practice... Most Druze consider themselves fully assimilated in American society and do not necessarily identify as Muslims..
^ De McLaurin, Ronald (1979). The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East. Michigan University Press. m/s. 114. ISBN 9780030525964. Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above..
^ Piero Gheddo (13 Februari 2009) LEBANON Religious affiliation to disappear from Lebanese documents – Asia News. Asianews.it. Dicapai pada 12 Mei 2024.
^ Religious Affiliation Can Be Removed From Lebanese ID Cards. Barcode Nation (25 Februari 2009). Dicapai pada 12 Mei 2024.

Rencana berkenaan Islam ini ialah rencana tunas. Anda boleh membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

[Factbook2-1] "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Dicapai pada 30 September 2020.

[2] "Lebanon: people and society"

[3] "Lebanon: people and society"

[4] "Lebanon: people and society"

[books.google.ca-5] Lebanon Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments. 7 Jun 2009. ISBN 9781438774824. Dicapai pada 24 April 2019.

[ReferenceA-6] Lebanon Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments - Google Books. 7 Jun 2009. ISBN 9781438774824. Dicapai pada 24 April 2019.

[7] Pintak, Lawrence (2019). America & Islam: Soundbites, Suicide Bombs and the Road to Donald Trump. Bloomsbury Publishing. m/s. 86. ISBN 9781788315593.

[8] Jonas, Margaret (2011). The Templar Spirit: The Esoteric Inspiration, Rituals and Beliefs of the Knights Templar. Temple Lodge Publishing. m/s. 83. ISBN 9781906999254. [Druze] often they are not regarded as being Muslim at all, nor do all the Druze consider themselves as Muslim

[9] "Are the Druze People Arabs or Muslims? Deciphering Who They Are". Arab America (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 8 Ogos 2018. Dicapai pada 13 April 2020.

[10] J. Stewart, Dona (2008). The Middle East Today: Political, Geographical and Cultural Perspectives. Routledge. m/s. 33. ISBN 9781135980795. Most Druze do not consider themselves Muslim. Historically they faced much persecution and keep their religious beliefs secrets.

[11] Yazbeck Haddad, Yvonne (2014). The Oxford Handbook of American Islam. Oxford University Press. m/s. 142. ISBN 9780199862634. While they appear parallel to those of normative Islam, in the Druze religion they are different in meaning and interpretation. The religion is consider distinct from the Ismaili as well as from other Muslims belief and practice... Most Druze consider themselves fully assimilated in American society and do not necessarily identify as Muslims..

[12] De McLaurin, Ronald (1979). The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East. Michigan University Press. m/s. 114. ISBN 9780030525964. Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above..

[13] Piero Gheddo (13 Februari 2009) LEBANON Religious affiliation to disappear from Lebanese documents – Asia News. Asianews.it. Dicapai pada 12 Mei 2024.

[14] Religious Affiliation Can Be Removed From Lebanese ID Cards. Barcode Nation (25 Februari 2009). Dicapai pada 12 Mei 2024.

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