Skandal Trump–Ukraine - Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas

Skandal Trump–Ukraine adalah skandal politik yang sedang berlangsung di Amerika Syarikat. Ia tercetus di antara usaha oleh Presiden A.S., Donald Trump untuk memaksa Ukraine dan negara luar yang lain dalam memberikan naratif yang memburukkan calon utama pilihan raya presiden A.S. 2020 dari Parti Demokrat, Joe Biden dan juga maklumat berkaitan gangguan Rusia dalam pilihan raya 2016. Trump menyenaraikan orang suruhan di dalam dan di luar pentadbiran rasminya, termasuk peguam peribadi beliau Rudy Giuliani dan Peguam Negara William Barr, untuk memaksa Ukraine dan kerajaan negara luar lain untuk bekerjasama menyokong konspirasi teori yang membimbangkan politik Amerika.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] Trump menghalang tetapi kemudian mengeluarkan bayaran dimandatkan kongres sebanyak $400 juta pakej bantuan ketenteraan, didakwa untuk mendapat kerjasama quid pro quo daripada Volodymyr Zelensky, presiden Ukraine. Beberapa kenalan telah ditubuhkan antara Rumah Putih dan kerajaan Ukraine, berakhir pada 25 Julai 2019, iaitu panggilan telefon antara Trump dan Zelensky.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[6]

Skandal tersebut mula tersebar di khalayak umum pada pertengahan September 2019 berikutan aduan seorang pemberi maklumat yang dibuat pada Ogos 2019.^[7] Aduan tersebut melahirkan rasa bimbang tentang Trump yang menggunakan kuasa presiden untuk meminta campur tangan negara luar dalam pilihan raya 2020.^[8] Rumah Putih Trump telah mengesahkan beberapa dakwaan yang dikemukakan pemberi maklumat. Transkip tanpa kata demi kata panggilan telefon Trump–Zelensky mengesahkan bahawa Trump meminta penyiasatan terhadap Joe Biden dan anaknya Hunter Biden, serta konspirasi teori melibatkan pelayan Jawatankuasa Demokrat Negara, sementara berulang kali mengesa Zelensky untuk bekerjasama dengan Giuliani dan Barr untuk perkara ini.^[9]^[10] Rumah Putih juga mengesahkan bahawa rekod panggilan telah disimpan di dalam sistem yang dikawal ketat.^[11]^[12] Pemangku ketua kakitangan Rumah Putih Mick Mulvaney berkata satu alasan mengapa Trump menghentikan bantuan ketenteraan ke Ukraine adalah "rasuah di Ukraine ada perkaitan dengan pelayan Jawatankuasa Demokrat Negara", merujuk teori yang terbongkar bahawa rakyat Ukraine merangka Rusia untuk mengodam sistem komputer Jawatankuasa Demokrat Negara.^[13] Trump juga telah mengesa Ukraine dan China untuk menyiasat keluarga Biden.^[14] Diplomat tertinggi ke Ukraine semasa pentadbiran Trump, Bill Taylor, memberi keterangan bahawa beliau diberitahu bantuan ketenteraan A.S. ke Ukraine dan pertemuan Trump–Zelensky di Rumah Putih adalah sebenarnya tertumpu pada Zelensky sama ada mengumumkan penyiasatan terhadap keluarga Bidens dan dakwaan gangguan Ukraine semasa pilihan raya 2016.^[15] Duta A.S. ke Kesatuan Eropah, Gordon Sondland memberi keterangan bahawa beliau bekerja dengan Giuliani atas luahan daripada Trump untuk menyusun satu quid pro quo dengan kerajaan Ukraine.^[16]

Pada 24 September 2019, Dewan Perwakilan memulakan siasatan pendakwaan terhadap Trump secara rasmi, diketuai oleh enam ahli jawatankuasa Dewan Perwakilan.^[17] Pada 31 Oktober 2019, Dewan Perwakilan mengundi untuk meluluskan garis panduan bagi fasa seterusnya siasatan pendakwaan.^[18]

Pada 3 Disember 2019, sebagai sebahagian siasatan pendakwaan, Jawatankuasa Perisikan Dewan menerbitkan laporan 300 muka surat secara terperinci bahawa "siasatan pendakwaan telah mendapati Presiden Trump, secara peribadi dan bertindak melalui ejen di dalam dan di luar kerajaan A.S., meminta campur tangan kerajaan luar, Ukraine, untuk memastikan kemenangannya semasa pilihan raya 2020. Seterusnya, Presiden Trump mensyaratkan tindakan rasmi ke atas pengumuman oleh Presiden Ukraine baharu, Volodymyr Zelensky, secara motivasi siasatan, termasuk pihak lawan politik domestik Presiden Trump. Dalam memaksa Presiden Zelensky untuk menjalankan permintaannya, Presiden Trump membatalkan pertemuan Rumah Putih dengan nekad dicari Presiden Ukraine, dan kritikan bantuan ketenteraan A.S. untuk melawan pencerobohan Rusia di timur Ukraine."^[19]^:8

Lihat juga

Siasatan pendakwaan terhadap Donald Trump

Rujukan

^ ^a ^b Miller, Greg; Jaffe, Greg; Parker, Ashley (October 2, 2019). "Trump involved Pence in efforts to pressure Ukraine's leader, though aides say vice president was unaware of pursuit of dirt on Bidens". Archived from the original on October 3, 2019. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
^ ^a ^b Mazzetti, Mark; Benner, Katie (September 30, 2019). "Trump Pressed Australian Leader to Help Barr Investigate Mueller Inquiry's Origins". The New York Times.
^ ^a ^b Baker, Peter; Sullivan, Eileen (October 3, 2019). "Trump Publicly Urges China to Investigate the Bidens". The New York Times (dalam bahasa Inggeris). ISSN 0362-4331. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada October 3, 2019. Dicapai pada October 4, 2019.
^ Stracqualursi, Veronica; Warren, Michael (October 12, 2019). "Rudy Giuliani tells CNN he's unaware he's under investigation for Ukraine involvement". CNN. the unraveling Ukraine scandal
^ Mallin, Alexander; Karl, Jonathan (September 30, 2019). "Barr asked Trump for introductions to Italy, Australia in Russia probe review". ABC News. Dicapai pada October 20, 2019.
^ Savage, Charlie; Williams, Josh (October 4, 2019). "Read the Text Messages Between U.S. and Ukrainian Officials". The New York Times. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada October 11, 2019. Dicapai pada October 5, 2019. A newly released set of text exchanges revealed details about President Trump's efforts to use American foreign policy to benefit himself.
^ Raju, Manu; Herb, Jeremy; Cohen, Marshall (November 9, 2019). "We read all 2,677 pages of impeachment inquiry testimony released to date. Here's what's clear". CNN. Dicapai pada November 11, 2019.
^ "Whistleblower claimed Trump abused his office and that White House officials tried to cover it up".
^ "Trump says the whistleblower complaint isn't accurate. The White House keeps showing how it is".
^ "Mounting evidence buttresses the facts laid out in whistleblower complaint".
^ "First on CNN: White House says lawyers directed moving Ukraine transcript to highly secure system".
^ "Subpoenas mark first concrete steps for Trump impeachment".
^ "Mulvaney links delay in Ukraine aid to DOJ investigation into 2016—live updates".
^ "Trump publicly calls on China to investigate Bidens".
^ "Trump publicly calls on China to investigate Bidens".
^ "Impeachment inquiry: Donald Trump directed Ukraine to dig up dirt on Joe Biden, ambassador claims". iNews. November 20, 2019. Dicapai pada November 24, 2019.
^ "House Speaker Nancy Pelosi announces formal impeachment inquiry of Trump, says his actions were a 'betrayal of national security'".
^ "A divided House backs impeachment probe of Trump".
^ Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, U.S. House of Representatives (December 3, 2019). "Report of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Pursuant to H. Res. 660 in Consultation with the House Committee on Oversight and Reform and the House Committee on Foreign Affairs" (PDF). U.S. House of Representatives Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Dicapai pada 2019-12-05.

Pautan luar

Memorandum of the July 25, 2019, telephone conversation between U.S. President Donald Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy Diarkibkan 2019-12-25 di Wayback Machine
Declassified whistleblower complaint of August 12, 2019 (released in redacted form on September 26, 2019)
Declassified letter from Intelligence Community Inspector General to acting Director of National Intelligence (August 26, 2019), regarding the whistleblower complaint

[involved_pence-1] Miller, Greg; Jaffe, Greg; Parker, Ashley (October 2, 2019). "Trump involved Pence in efforts to pressure Ukraine's leader, though aides say vice president was unaware of pursuit of dirt on Bidens". Archived from the original on October 3, 2019. Retrieved October 2, 2019.

[trump_pressed-2] Mazzetti, Mark; Benner, Katie (September 30, 2019). "Trump Pressed Australian Leader to Help Barr Investigate Mueller Inquiry's Origins". The New York Times.

[Baker-3] Baker, Peter; Sullivan, Eileen (October 3, 2019). "Trump Publicly Urges China to Investigate the Bidens". The New York Times (dalam bahasa Inggeris). ISSN 0362-4331. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada October 3, 2019. Dicapai pada October 4, 2019.

[4] Stracqualursi, Veronica; Warren, Michael (October 12, 2019). "Rudy Giuliani tells CNN he's unaware he's under investigation for Ukraine involvement". CNN. the unraveling Ukraine scandal

[5] Mallin, Alexander; Karl, Jonathan (September 30, 2019). "Barr asked Trump for introductions to Italy, Australia in Russia probe review". ABC News. Dicapai pada October 20, 2019.

[TextMsg-6] Savage, Charlie; Williams, Josh (October 4, 2019). "Read the Text Messages Between U.S. and Ukrainian Officials". The New York Times. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada October 11, 2019. Dicapai pada October 5, 2019. A newly released set of text exchanges revealed details about President Trump's efforts to use American foreign policy to benefit himself.

[timeline-7] Raju, Manu; Herb, Jeremy; Cohen, Marshall (November 9, 2019). "We read all 2,677 pages of impeachment inquiry testimony released to date. Here's what's clear". CNN. Dicapai pada November 11, 2019.

[WapoComplaintReleased-8] "Whistleblower claimed Trump abused his office and that White House officials tried to cover it up".

[Bump27-9] "Trump says the whistleblower complaint isn't accurate. The White House keeps showing how it is".

[helderman-10] "Mounting evidence buttresses the facts laid out in whistleblower complaint".

[Brown27-11] "First on CNN: White House says lawyers directed moving Ukraine transcript to highly secure system".

[Miller28-12] "Subpoenas mark first concrete steps for Trump impeachment".

[becket-13] "Mulvaney links delay in Ukraine aid to DOJ investigation into 2016—live updates".

[tremendous-14] "Trump publicly calls on China to investigate Bidens".

[bade-15] "Trump publicly calls on China to investigate Bidens".

[16] "Impeachment inquiry: Donald Trump directed Ukraine to dig up dirt on Joe Biden, ambassador claims". iNews. November 20, 2019. Dicapai pada November 24, 2019.

[formal-17] "House Speaker Nancy Pelosi announces formal impeachment inquiry of Trump, says his actions were a 'betrayal of national security'".

[Demirjian-191031-18] "A divided House backs impeachment probe of Trump".

[Intel-Report-19] Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, U.S. House of Representatives (December 3, 2019). "Report of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Pursuant to H. Res. 660 in Consultation with the House Committee on Oversight and Reform and the House Committee on Foreign Affairs" (PDF). U.S. House of Representatives Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Dicapai pada 2019-12-05.

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