Marib - Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu, ensiklopedia bebas

Marib

مَأْرِب
Marib مَأْرِب
Bandar
	Bandar Marib pada tahun 2021
	Marib Lokasi di Yaman
	Koordinat: 15°27′38″N 45°19′34″E / 15.46056°N 45.32611°E
Negara	Yaman
Kegabenoran	Kegabenoran Marib
Daerah	Marib
Aras	1,120 m (3,670 ft)
Penduduk (2005)
•	16,794
Zon waktu	UTC+03:00 (Waktu Piawai Yaman)

Marib (Arab: مَأْرِب, rumi: Maʾrib; Arab Selatan Lama: 𐩣𐩧𐩨/𐩣𐩧𐩺𐩨 Mryb/Mrb) merupakan ibu kota Kegabenoran Marib, Yaman. Ia adalah ibu kota kerajaan purba Sabaʾ (Arab: سَبَأ),^[1]^[2] yang dipercayai oleh sesetengah sarjana sebagai Sheba kuno yang terkenal dalam Alkitab.^[3] Ia terletak kira-kira 120 kilometer (75 batu) di timur ibu kota moden Yaman, Sanaa, dan berada di kawasan Pergunungan Sarawat.^[4] Pada tahun 2005 ia mempunyai populasi 16,794. Bagaimanapun, pada 2021, ia telah menyerap hampir sejuta pelarian yang melarikan diri dari Perang Saudara Yaman.^[5]

Rujukan

^ Quran 27:6–93
^ Quran 34:15–18
^ "Saba / Sa'abia / Sheba". The History Files (http://www.historyfiles.co.uk). Dicapai pada 27 June 2008. The kingdom of Saba is known to have existed in the region of Yemen. By 1000 BC caravan trains of camels journeyed from Oman in south-east Arabia to the Mediterranean. As the camel drivers passed through the deserts of Yemen, experts believe that many of them would have called in at Marib. Dating from at least 1050 BC, and now barren and dry, Marib was then a lush oasis teeming with palm trees and exotic plants. Ideally placed, it was situated on the trade routes and with a unique dam of vast proportions. It was also one of only two main sources of frankincense (the other being East Africa), so Saba had a virtual monopoly. Marib's wealth accumulated to such an extent that the city became a byword for riches beyond belief throughout the Arab world. Its people, the Sabeans – a group whose name bears the same etymological root as Saba – lived in South Arabia between the tenth and sixth centuries BC. Their main temple – Mahram Bilqis, or temple of the moon god (situated about three miles (5 km) from the capital city of Marib) – was so famous that it remained sacred even after the collapse of the Sabean civilisation in the sixth century BC – caused by the rerouting of the spice trail. By that point the dam, now in a poor state of repair, was finally breached. The irrigation system was lost, the people abandoned the site within a year or so, and the temple fell into disrepair and was eventually covered by sand. Saba was known by the Hebrews as Sheba [Note that the collapse of the dam was actually in 575 C.E., as shown in the timeline in the same article in the History Files, and attested by MacCulloch (2009)].
^ Robert D. Burrowes (2010). Historical Dictionary of Yemen. Rowman & Littlefield. m/s. 234–319. ISBN 978-0810855281.
^ "Yemen's Marib: The city at the heart of a dirty war". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 1 Disember 2021. Dicapai pada 24 November 2024.

Pautan luar

[Cite_quran|27|6|e=93|s=ns-1] Quran 27:6–93

[Cite_quran|34|15|e=18|s=ns-2] Quran 34:15–18

[Sheba-01-3] "Saba / Sa'abia / Sheba". The History Files (http://www.historyfiles.co.uk). Dicapai pada 27 June 2008. The kingdom of Saba is known to have existed in the region of Yemen. By 1000 BC caravan trains of camels journeyed from Oman in south-east Arabia to the Mediterranean. As the camel drivers passed through the deserts of Yemen, experts believe that many of them would have called in at Marib. Dating from at least 1050 BC, and now barren and dry, Marib was then a lush oasis teeming with palm trees and exotic plants. Ideally placed, it was situated on the trade routes and with a unique dam of vast proportions. It was also one of only two main sources of frankincense (the other being East Africa), so Saba had a virtual monopoly. Marib's wealth accumulated to such an extent that the city became a byword for riches beyond belief throughout the Arab world. Its people, the Sabeans – a group whose name bears the same etymological root as Saba – lived in South Arabia between the tenth and sixth centuries BC. Their main temple – Mahram Bilqis, or temple of the moon god (situated about three miles (5 km) from the capital city of Marib) – was so famous that it remained sacred even after the collapse of the Sabean civilisation in the sixth century BC – caused by the rerouting of the spice trail. By that point the dam, now in a poor state of repair, was finally breached. The irrigation system was lost, the people abandoned the site within a year or so, and the temple fell into disrepair and was eventually covered by sand. Saba was known by the Hebrews as Sheba [Note that the collapse of the dam was actually in 575 C.E., as shown in the timeline in the same article in the History Files, and attested by MacCulloch (2009)].

[Burrows2010-4] Robert D. Burrowes (2010). Historical Dictionary of Yemen. Rowman & Littlefield. m/s. 234–319. ISBN 978-0810855281.

[:0-5] "Yemen's Marib: The city at the heart of a dirty war". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 1 Disember 2021. Dicapai pada 24 November 2024.

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[2]

[3]

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[5]

Kawalan kewibawaan
Umum	VIAF 1 WorldCat (melalui VIAF)
Perpustakaan negara	Jerman Vatican

Marib مَأْرِب
Bandar
Bandar Marib pada tahun 2021
Marib Lokasi di Yaman
Koordinat: 15°27′38″N 45°19′34″E / 15.46056°N 45.32611°E / 15.46056; 45.32611
Negara	Yaman
Kegabenoran	Kegabenoran Marib
Daerah	Marib
Aras	1,120 m (3,670 ft)
Penduduk (2005)
•	16,794
Zon waktu	UTC+03:00 (Waktu Piawai Yaman)