Bentuk kehidupan paling awal yang diketahui di Bumi ialah kemungkinan fosil mikroorganisme yang ditemui di endapan pengudaraan hidroterma.[1] Tempoh paling awal ketika bentuk kehidupan pertama kali muncul di Bumi sekurang-kurangnya 3,77 bilion tahun yang lalu, dan mungkin 4,28 bilion tahun,[1] atau bahkan 4,5 bilion tahun[3][4] — tidak lama selepas lautan terbentuk pada 4,41 bilion tahun lalu, dan setelah pembentukan Bumi 4,54 bilion tahun lalu.[1][2][5][6] Bukti paling awal secara langsung dari kehidupan di Bumi ialah mikrofosil mikroorganisme yang mengalami permineralan (meresap) dalam batuan caturan Apex di Australia berusia 3,465 bilion tahun.[7][8]
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ a b c d Dodd, Matthew S.; Papineau, Dominic; Grenne, Tor; slack, John F.; Rittner, Martin; Pirajno, Franco; O'Neil, Jonathan; Little, Crispin T. S. (2 March 2017). "Evidence for early life in Earth's oldest hydrothermal vent precipitates" (PDF). Nature. 543 (7643): 60–64. Bibcode:2017Natur.543...60D. doi:10.1038/nature21377. PMID 28252057.
- ^ a b Zimmer, Carl (1 March 2017). "Scientists Say Canadian Bacteria Fossils May Be Earth's Oldest". New York Times. Dicapai pada 2 March 2017.
- ^ Staff (20 August 2018). "A timescale for the origin and evolution of all of life on Earth". Phys.org. Dicapai pada 20 August 2018.
- ^ Betts, Holly C.; Putick, Mark N.; Clark, James W.; Williams, Tom A.; Donoghue, Philip C.J.; Pisani, Davide (20 August 2018). "Integrated genomic and fossil evidence illuminates life's early evolution and eukaryote origin". Nature. 2 (10): 1556–1562. doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0644-x. PMC 6152910. PMID 30127539.
- ^ Ghosh, Pallab (1 March 2017). "Earliest evidence of life on Earth 'found". BBC News. Dicapai pada 2 March 2017.
- ^ Dunham, Will (1 March 2017). "Canadian bacteria-like fossils called oldest evidence of life". Reuters. Dicapai pada 1 March 2017.
- ^ Tyrell, Kelly April (18 December 2017). "Oldest fossils ever found show life on Earth began before 3.5 billion years ago". Universiti Wisconsin–Madison. Dicapai pada 18 December 2017.
- ^ Schopf, J. William; Kitajima, Kouki; Spicuzza, Michael J.; Kudryavtsev, Anatolly B.; Valley, John W. (2017). "SIMS analyses of the oldest known assemblage of microfossils document their taxon-correlated carbon isotope compositions". PNAS. 115 (1): 53–58. Bibcode:2018PNAS..115...53S. doi:10.1073/pnas.1718063115. PMC 5776830. PMID 29255053.
Pautan luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Biota (Taxonomicon)
- Life (Systema Naturae 2000)
- Vitae (BioLib)
- Wikispecies – a free directory of life
- Google Images: Earliest known life forms
- Video (24:32): "Migration of Life in the Universe" di YouTube – Gary Ruvkun, 2019.
