Amelia Earhart | |
|---|---|
 Earhart di bawah hidung Lockheed Model 10-E Electra, Mac 1937, Oakland, California | |
| Kelahiran | Amelia Mary Earhart 24 Julai 1897 Atchison, Kansas, A.S. |
| Hilang pada | 2 Julai 1937 (umur 39) Lautan Pasifik, dalam perjalanan ke Pulau Howland dari Lae, Papua New Guinea |
| Status | Disahkan mati dalam absen 5 Januari 1939 (umur 41) |
| Terkenal kerana | Banyak rekod penerbangan awal, termasuk wanita pertama yang terbang solo di Lautan Atlantik |
| Pasangan | George P. Putnam (k. 1931) |
| Tandatangan | |
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Amelia Mary Earhart (/ˈɛərhɑːrt/, lahir 24 Julai 1897; hilang 2 Julai 1937) ialah perintis dan pengarang penerbangan Amerika.[1][Note 1] Earhart merupakan penerbang wanita pertama yang terbang secara solo di Lautan Atlantik.[3][Note 2] Beliau menerima United States Distinguished Flying Cross untuk pencapaian ini.[5] Beliau menetapkan banyak rekod lain,[2] menulis buku terlaris tentang pengalaman terbangnya dan berperanan dalam pembentukan The Ninety-Nines, sebuah organisasi untuk juruterbang wanita.[6] Pada tahun 1935, Earhart menjadi ahli fakulti melawat Universiti Purdue sebagai penasihat kejuruteraan aeronautik dan seorang kaunselor kerjaya kepada pelajar wanita. Beliau juga merupakan ahli Parti Wanita Negara dan penyokong awal Perubahan Hak Sama..[7][8]
Semasa percubaan untuk membuat penerbangan mengelilingi dunia pada tahun 1937 di Lockheed Model 10-E Electra yang dibiayai oleh Purdue, Earhart dan pelayaran Fred Noonan hilang di tengah-tengah Lautan Pasifik dekat Pulau Howland. Daya tarikan dengan kehidupan, kerjaya, dan kehilangannya berterusan hingga ke hari ini.[Note 3]
Catatan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Charles Kuralt said on CBS television program Sunday Morning, referring to Earhart: "She was a pioneer in aviation ... she led the way so that others could follow and go on to even greater achievements," further stating, "trailblazers prepare the rest of us for the future."[2]
- ^ Earhart set several records, being the first woman to fly across the Atlantic, first as a passenger and later, as a solo pilot; the period term for a female pilot was "aviatrix", and is still in use.[4]
- ^ Quote: "She vanished nearly 60 years ago, but fascination with Amelia Earhart continues through each new generation."[9]
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Morey 1995, m/s. 11.
- ^ a b Oakes 1985.
- ^ Pearce 1988, m/s. 95.
- ^ Ferdinando, Lisa. "Clinton Celebrates Pioneer Aviatrix Amelia Earhart." Diarkibkan Jun 14, 2012, di Wayback Machine Voice of America, March 19, 2012.
- ^ Goldstein & Dillon 1997, m/s. 111, 112.
- ^ Lovell 1989, m/s. 152.
- ^ "Timeline: Equal Rights Amendment, Phase One: 1921–1972." Diarkibkan Disember 8, 2012, di Wayback Machine feminism101.com. Retrieved: June 4, 2012.
- ^ Francis, Roberta W."The History Behind the Equal Rights Amendment." equalrightsamendment.org, July 21, 2011. Retrieved: June 4, 2012.
- ^ "The Mystery of Amelia Earhart." Social Studies School Service, February 10, 2007. Retrieved: July 12, 2017.
Karya dipetik
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Barker, Ralph. Great Mysteries of the Air. London: Pan Books, 1966. ISBN 0-330-02096-X.
- Briand, Paul. Daughter of the Sky. New York: Duell, Sloan, Pearce, 1960. No ISBN.
- Brink, Randall. Lost Star: The Search for Amelia Earhart. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1994. ISBN 0-393-026883-3.
- Butler, Susan. East to the Dawn: The Life of Amelia Earhart. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1997. ISBN 0-306-80887-0.
- Campbell, Mike with Devine, Thomas E. With Our Own Eyes: Eyewitnesses ot the Final Days of Amelia Earhart. Lancaster, Ohio: Lucky Press, LLC, 2002. ISBN 0-9706377-6-4.
- Cochran, Jacqueline and Brinkley, Maryann Bucknum. Jackie Cochran: The Autobiography of the Greatest Woman Pilot in Aviation History. Toronto: Bantam Boooks, 1987. ISBN 0-553-05211-X.
- Cochran, Jacqueline. Stars at Noon. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1954.
- Crouch, Thomas D. "Searching for Amelia Earhart." Invention & Technology Volume 23, Issue 1, Summer 2007.
- Devine, Thomas E. Eyewitness: The Amelia Earhart Incident. Frederick, CO: Renaissance House, 1987. ISBN 0-939650-48-7.
- Garst, Shannon. Amelia Earhart: Heroine of the Skies. New York: Julian Messner, Inc., 1947. No ISBN.
- Gillespie, Ric. Finding Amelia: The True Story of the Earhart Disappearance. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2006. ISBN 1-59114-319-5.
- Glines, C.V. "'Lady Lindy': The Remarkable Life of Amelia Earhart." Aviation History July 1997.
- Goerner, Fred. The Search for Amelia Earhart. New York: Doubleday, 1966. ISBN 0-385-07424-7.
- Goldstein, Donald M. and Dillon, Katherine V. Amelia: The Centennial Biography of an Aviation Pioneer. Washington, DC: Brassey's, 1997. ISBN 1-57488-134-5.
- Grooch, William Stephen. Skyway to Asia. New York: Longmans, Green and Co., 1936. No ISBN.
- Hamill, Pete. "Leather and Pearls: The Cult of Amelia Earhart." MS Magazine September 1976.
- Haynsworth, Leslie and Toomey, David. Amelia Earhart's Daughters: The Wild and Glorious Story of American Women Aviators from World War II to the Dawn of the Space Age. New York: Harper Collins Publishers Inc., 1998. ISBN 0-380-72984-9.
- Hoverstein, Paul. "An American Obsession". Air & Space Smithsonian Vol. 22, No. 2, June/July 2007.
- Kerby, Mona: Amelia Earhart: Courage in the Sky (Women of our Time series). New York: Puffin Books, 1990. ISBN 0-14-034263-X.
- King, Thomas F., Burns, Karen Ramey, Jacobson, Randall and Spading, Kenton. Amelia Earhart's Shoes. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, 2001. ISBN 0-7591-0130-2.
- Landsberg. Alan. In Search of Missing Persons. New York: Bantam Books, 1978. ISBN 0-553-11459-X.
- Long, Elgen M. and Marie K. Amelia Earhart: The Mystery Solved. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1999. ISBN 0-684-86005-8.
- Loomis, Vincent V. Amelia Earhart, the Final Story. New York: Random House, 1985. ISBN 0-394-53191-4.
- Lovell, Mary S. The Sound of Wings. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989. ISBN 0-312-03431-8.
- Marshall, Patti. "Neta Snook". Aviation History Vol. 17, No. 3. January 2007, hal. 21-22.
- Morey, Eileen. The Importance of Amelia Earhart. San Diego: Lucent Books, 1995. ISBN 1-56006-065-4.
- Moolman, Valerie. Women Aloft (The Epic of Flight series). Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life Books, 1981. ISBN 0-8094-3287-0.
- Morrissey, Muriel Earhart. Courage is the Price: The Biography of Amelia Earhart. Wichita, Kansas: McCormick-Armstrong Publishing Division, 1963. ISBN 1-141-40879-1.
- Oakes, Claudia M. United States Women in Aviation 1930-1939. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1985. ISBN 0-87474-380-X.
- O' Leary, Michael. "The Earhart Discovery: Fact or Fiction?" Air Classics Vol 28, No. 8, August 1992.
- Pearce, Carol Ann. Amelia Earhart. New York: Facts on File, 1988. ISBN 0-8160-1520-1.
- Pellegrino, Anne Holtgren. World Flight: The Amelia Trail. Ames, Iowa: The Iowa State University Press, 1971. ISBN 0-8138-1760-9.
- The Radio Amateur's Handbook. West Hartford, Connecticut: American Radio Relay League, 1945. No ISBN.
- Randolph, Blythe. Amelia Earhart. New York: Franklin Watts, 1987. ISBN 0-531-10331-5.
- Rich, Doris L. Amelia Earhart: A Biography. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1989. ISBN 1-56098-725-1.
- Safford, Laurance F. with Warren, Cameron A. and Payne, Robert R.Earhart's Flight into Yesterday: The Facts Without the Fiction, McLean, Virginia: Paladwr Press, 2003. ISBN 1-888962-20-8.
- Sloate, Susan. Amelia Earhart: Challenging the Skies. New York: Fawcett Books, 1990. ISBN 0-449-90396-6.
- Strippel, Richard G. Amelia Earhart: The Myth and the Reality. New York: Exposition Press, 1972. ISBN 0-682-47447-9.
- Strippel, Richard G. "Researching Amelia: A Detailed Summary for the Serious Researcher into the Disappearance of Amelia Earhart." Air Classics Vol. 31, No. 11, November 1995.
- Thames, Richard. Amelia Earhart. New York: Franklin Watts, 1989. ISBN 0-531-10851-1.
- Ware, Susan. Still Missing: Amelia Earhart and the Search for Modern Feminism. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1993. ISBN 0-393-03551-4.
- Wright, Monte Duane. Most Probable Position, A History of Aerial Navigation to 1941. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1972. ISBN 0-7006-0092-2.
Pautan luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]- The Official Website of Amelia Earhart (The Family of Amelia Earhart) Diarkibkan 2008-01-05 di Wayback Machine
- Amelia Earhart Birthplace Museum
- "One Life: Amelia Earhart". Institusi Smithsonian. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada November 2, 2017. Dicapai pada Julai 13, 2017. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=ignored (bantuan) - Amelia Earhart – A Timeline – Ninety-Nines
- Michals, Debra. “Amelia Earhart” National Women's History Museum. 2015.
- Papers :
- Records Relating to Amelia Earhart – National Archives
- George Palmer Putnam Collection of Amelia Earhart Papers at Purdue University Libraries
- General Correspondence: Earhart, Amelia, 1932–1934, The Wilbur and Orville Wright Papers at the Library of Congress
- Papers, 1835–1977. Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.
- Audio & Visual
- Amelia Earhart Before Last Flight at Burbank Airport di YouTube 1937 Film
- Amelia Earhart Speech – American English Dialect Recordings, Library of Congress
- Amelia Earhart: On The Future Of Women In Flying (listen online) di YouTube
- Amelia Earhart interview following the 1932 transatlantic flight di YouTube
- Amelia Earhart Diarkibkan 2017-03-11 di Wayback Machine — An American Experience documentary
- Search
- CG cutter Itasca and the search for Earhart
- "At 8:00 a.m. the plane reported reception of the cutter's signals, but was unable to obtain a minimum for a bearing."
- "The flying conditions within a radius of 40 miles of Howland Island were excellent with an east wind of 8 to 13 miles per hour, the sea smooth and ceiling unlimited as far as could be observed."
- Page of Itasca log on day of flight
- Amelia Earhart Memorial flight Recreation
- CG cutter Itasca and the search for Earhart
- Time at Howland Island
- Timezone for all of 1937 is UTC-10:30 (HST)
- Sunrise is 7:15 AM
- USNO navigation link Diarkibkan 2010-05-04 di Wayback Machine
- navigation at Howland at UTC 1745 Diarkibkan 2017-12-01 di Wayback Machine
- USNO navigation link Diarkibkan 2010-05-04 di Wayback Machine
- Itasca apparently used UTC-11:30. See TIGHAR topic 433.0.
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