Tenaga gelap

Templat:Kosmologi Dalam kosmologi fizikal dan astronomi, tenaga gelap ialah satu bentuk hipotesis bagi tenaga yang menelap segala ruang dan cenderung untuk memecutkan pengembangan alam semesta.^[1] Tenaga gelap ialah hipotesis paling diterima untuk menjelaskan penceparan sejak 1990-an yang menandakan bahawa alam semesta sedang mengembang pada kadar memecut. Menurut pasukan misi Planck, dan berdasarkan model piawai kosmologi, pada dasar kesetaraan jisim–tenaga, alam semesta boleh cerap mengandungi 26.8% jirim gelap, 68.3% tenaga gelap (untuk sejumlah 95.1%) dan 4.9% jirim biasa.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] Sekali lagi pada dasar kesetaraan jisim–tenaga, ketumpatan tenaga gelap (1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg/m³) adalah sangat rendah: dalam sistem suria, hanya 6 tan tenaga gelap dianggarkan dijumpai dalam jejeari orbit Pluto. Walau bagaimanapun, tenaga gelap datang untuk mendominasi jisim–tenaga bagi alam semesta kerana tenaga gelap adalah seragaman di serata angkasa lepas.^[6]

Lihat juga

Rujukan

^ Peebles, P. J. E. dan Ratra, Bharat (2003). "The cosmological constant and dark energy". Reviews of Modern Physics. 75 (2): 559–606. arXiv:astro-ph/0207347. Bibcode:2003RvMP...75..559P. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.75.559.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.; Armitage-Caplan, C.; et al. (Planck Collaboration) (22 Mac 2013). "Planck 2013 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results – Table 9" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics (diserahkan). arXiv:1303.5062. Bibcode:2013arXiv1303.5062P. Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |journal= (bantuan)
^ Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.; Armitage-Caplan, C.; et al. (Planck Collaboration) (31 March 2013). "Planck 2013 Results Papers". Astronomy and Astrophysics (diserahkan). arXiv:1303.5062. Bibcode:2013arXiv1303.5062P. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2016-08-13. Dicapai pada 2014-09-06. Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |journal= (bantuan)
^ "First Planck results: the Universe is still weird and interesting".
^ Sean Carroll, Ph.D., Cal Tech, 2007, The Teaching Company, Dark Matter, Dark Energy: The Dark Side of the Universe, Guidebook Part 2 halaman 46, dicapai pada 7 Oktober 2013, "...dark energy: A smooth, persistent component of invisible energy, thought to make up about 70 percent of the current energy density of the universe. Dark energy is known to be smooth because it doesn't accumulate preferentially in galaxies and clusters..."
^ http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/astro/dareng.html

Pautan luar

Templat:In Our Time
Dark energy: how the paradigm shifted Physicsworld.com (Inggeris)
Dennis Overbye (November 2006). "9 Billion-Year-Old 'Dark Energy' Reported". The New York Times. (Inggeris)
"Mysterious force's long presence" BBC News online (2006) More evidence for dark energy being the cosmological constant (Inggeris)
"Astronomy Picture of the Day" one of the images of the Cosmic Microwave Background which confirmed the presence of dark energy and dark matter (Inggeris)
SuperNova Legacy Survey home page The Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey Supernova Program aims primarily at measuring the equation of state of Dark Energy. It is designed to precisely measure several hundred high-redshift supernovae. (Inggeris)
"Report of the Dark Energy Task Force" (Inggeris)
"HubbleSite.org – Dark Energy Website" Multimedia presentation explores the science of dark energy and Hubble's role in its discovery. (Inggeris)
"Surveying the dark side" (Inggeris)
"Dark energy and 3-manifold topology" Acta Physica Polonica 38 (2007), p. 3633–3639 (Inggeris)
The Dark Energy Survey (Inggeris)
The Joint Dark Energy Mission Diarkibkan 2010-09-28 di Wayback Machine (Inggeris)
Harvard: Dark Energy Found Stifling Growth in Universe, primary source
April 2010 Smithsonian Magazine Article (Inggeris)
HETDEX Dark energy experiment (Inggeris)
Dark Energy FAQ (Inggeris)
"The Hunt for Dark Energy" George FR Ellis, Peter Cameron and David Tong discuss the presence of dark energy in the universe (Inggeris)

[peebles-1] Peebles, P. J. E. dan Ratra, Bharat (2003). "The cosmological constant and dark energy". Reviews of Modern Physics. 75 (2): 559–606. arXiv:astro-ph/0207347. Bibcode:2003RvMP...75..559P. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.75.559.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[planck_overview-2] Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.; Armitage-Caplan, C.; et al. (Planck Collaboration) (22 Mac 2013). "Planck 2013 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results – Table 9" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics (diserahkan). arXiv:1303.5062. Bibcode:2013arXiv1303.5062P. Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |journal= (bantuan)

[planck_overview2-3] Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.; Armitage-Caplan, C.; et al. (Planck Collaboration) (31 March 2013). "Planck 2013 Results Papers". Astronomy and Astrophysics (diserahkan). arXiv:1303.5062. Bibcode:2013arXiv1303.5062P. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2016-08-13. Dicapai pada 2014-09-06. Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |journal= (bantuan)

[wmap7parameters-4] "First Planck results: the Universe is still weird and interesting".

[DarkMatter-5] Sean Carroll, Ph.D., Cal Tech, 2007, The Teaching Company, Dark Matter, Dark Energy: The Dark Side of the Universe, Guidebook Part 2 halaman 46, dicapai pada 7 Oktober 2013, "...dark energy: A smooth, persistent component of invisible energy, thought to make up about 70 percent of the current energy density of the universe. Dark energy is known to be smooth because it doesn't accumulate preferentially in galaxies and clusters..."

[6] ttp://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/astro/dareng.html

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